Whether you live in Massachusetts or are planning to live there, knowing the gardening zones is important as a gardener. But what are gardening zones, and what zone is the Bay State in?
Don’t worry, we also get the same questions so we’re here to answer everything you need to know about the planting zones in Massachusetts!
What are planting zones?
When you’re going for gardening success, understanding the concept of planting zones is like having a trusty plant navigator.
Planting zones divide geographical areas into segments that give important clues about the local climate. These zones consider the usual lowest winter temperatures, which helps gardeners figure out which plants thrive best in their area.
If you’re looking for reliable and safe guidelines for growing plants specific to your area, the Plant Hardiness Zone map from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) is a great go-to resource.
Temperature Range for Planting Zones
Different planting zones come with their own temperature ranges, serving as valuable guides for gardeners to decide when and what to plant.
To help with this, the USDA Plant Hardiness Zone map divides the United States into zones, each spanning a 10-degree Fahrenheit difference in yearly minimum temperatures.
For instance, take Zone 3 with its chilly range of -40 to -30 F, in contrast to the milder Zone 10, which enjoys temperatures between 30 to 40°F.
Understanding the temperature range of your planting zone enables you to select plants that suit your local weather conditions.
Fun Fact:
• The very first USDA Zone Map was in 1938 and showcased 8 zones at the Arnold Arboretum.
• In 1960, the first official USDA Plant Hardiness Zone map emerged with 10 zones, each representing a different temperature range across the country.
• In 1990, a newer version arrived using 13 years of data, this time with 5-degree bands, making it more detailed.
The latest update in 2012, based on 30 years of data, introduced 13 zones, each further divided into “a” and “b” subzones.
What is plant hardiness?
Plant hardiness refers to a plant’s ability to thrive in specific environmental conditions, especially when it comes to cold weather. It measures how well a plant can withstand winter without being damaged by freezing temperatures.
The USDA Plant Hardiness Zones range from Zone 1 to 13, with 1 being the coldest and 13 being the warmest. Each zone is further divided into ‘a’ and ‘b’ subzones, which account for subtle temperature differences within the main zones.
Massachusetts Planting Zones and Recommended Plants
Massachusetts plant hardiness zones range from 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, to 7b. Check out our table for plants ideal for each of the 3 zones.
| Zone 5 | Zone 6 | Zone 7 |
| Sugar Maple | Eastern Redbud | Crape Myrtle |
| Red Osier Dogwood | Peony | Camellia |
| Northern Lights Azalea | Hydrangea | Fig |
| Blue Star Juniper | Japanese Maple | Butterfly Bush |
| Hellebore | Astilbe | Palmetto Palm |
| Black-eyed Susan | Japanese Andromeda | Agapanthus |
| Lilac | Bee Balm | Dwarf Pomegranate |
| Winterberry Holly | Serviceberry | Gardenia |
| Yarrow | Hosta | Dwarf Banana |
| Siberian Iris | Ornamental Grasses | Confederate Jasmine |
Of course, it’s worth noting that there are pockets of both warmer and colder areas within certain regions of Massachusetts. Additionally, the presence of microclimates within a given area can significantly influence the severity of winter cold.
Let’s dive into Massachusetts’ plant hardiness zones, exploring them not only on a statewide scale but also within some of its major cities.
What zone is Massachusetts for plants?
Zone 5
Covering the western parts of Massachusetts, including the Berkshire Mountains, Zone 5 endures cold winters with average minimum temperatures ranging from -20 F to -10 F. This zone is further subdivided into two subzones, namely 5a and 5b.
In Zone 5a, the average minimum temperatures range from -20 F to -15 F. In Zone 5b, the average minimum temperatures range from -15 F to -10 F.
Zone 6
Zone 6 encompasses central and eastern Massachusetts, including Boston, experiencing milder winters compared to Zone 5, with average minimum temperatures ranging from -10 F to 0 F. Zone 6 is also divided into two subzones, namely 6a and 6b.
In Zone 6a expect the average minimum temperatures range to be from -10 F to -5 F. In Zone 6b, the average minimum temperatures will range from -5 F to 0 F.
Zone 7
Zone 7 covers the southeastern coastal areas of Massachusetts, including Cape Cod, and features even milder winters with average minimum temperatures ranging from 0 F to 10 F. Zone 7 is further divided into two subzones, 7a and 7b.
In Zone 7a, the average minimum temperatures tend to range from 0 F to 5 F. Zone 7b is slightly different, with an average minimum temperature range from 5 F to 10 F.
Planter’s Tips
These subzones take into account the gentle temperature differences within the main planting zones. These differences are affected by things like how high up an area is, how close it is to water, and the extra warmth found in cities.
Understanding these little details really matters when you’re choosing what to plant and how to design your garden. Some plants are more delicate and react more to changes in temperature compared to others.
Microclimates
In Massachusetts, you’ll find a range of landscapes, from calming coastlines to grand mountains. These different terrains create a blend of mini weather zones.
These zones, in simple words, change the weather for the folks here and the plant life. Think of these mini weather zones as small, special pockets of weather within the larger weather picture.
They’re like mini weather transformations, causing changes in temperature, humidity, and other air patterns in a small area.
Factors Influencing Microclimates
Several factors contribute to the creation of microclimates, each influencing the temperature and weather conditions experienced in a particular location:
Elevations Such as Hills and Valleys
Elevation plays a crucial role in shaping microclimates. Higher elevations tend to be cooler and experience colder temperatures, especially at night.
On the other hand, valleys and low-lying areas can trap cold air, leading to cooler conditions compared to nearby higher ground.
Rocks and Hedges That Influence Wind Reduction
Terrain features like rocks and hedgerows can provide shelter from winds, which helps retain heat and create warmer microclimates.
These natural windbreaks mitigate the cooling effect of wind and can enable plants to thrive in areas that might otherwise be too chilly.
Water, Either Close to a Lake or Ocean
Proximity to large bodies of water, such as lakes or oceans, can moderate temperature extremes by absorbing and releasing heat more slowly than land. Coastal areas tend to have milder winters and cooler summers compared to inland locations.
What plants do well in Massachusetts?
In the planting zones of Massachusetts, there’s a rich array of plants that can flourish if chosen thoughtfully.
In Zone 5, which spans the western part of the state, you’ll find trees like conifers, maples, and rhododendrons. These hardy characters can handle the chill.
Moving over to Zone 6, which blankets the central and eastern areas of Massachusetts, you’ve got a chance to embrace variety. Roses, perennials, and fruit trees are all welcome here.
Down in Zone 7, hugging the southeastern coastal spots, things get milder. This is where you can grow figs and certain types of palms.
Generally, a lot of plants do great in the Bay State due to the mild to warm climates. Let’s check out some of our favorites!
Sugar Maple (Acer saccharum)
| Factors | Description |
| Ease of Growing | Moderate ●●○○○ |
| Plant Type | Deciduous Tree |
| Plant Appeal | Decorative |
| Maintenance Level | Low |
This stands out as a deciduous tree celebrated for its breathtaking autumn leaves, transitioning into vibrant reds, oranges, and yellows. It’s a tree that strikes a balance, being both fairly straightforward to cultivate and demanding minimal upkeep.
Red Osier Dogwood (Cornus sericea)
| Factors | Description |
| Ease of Growing | Low ●○○○○ |
| Plant Type | Deciduous Shrub |
| Plant Appeal | Decorative, Winter Interest |
| Maintenance Level | Low |
Get this if you want your plant to stand out as a deciduous shrub that injects vivid splashes of color into winter landscapes through its vibrant red stems. This shrub is a hassle-free delight to cultivate, demanding minimal upkeep.
Northern Lights Azalea (Rhododendron ‘Northern Lights’)
| Factors | Description |
| Ease of Growing | Moderate to Challenging ●●●○○ |
| Plant Type | Broadleaf Evergreen Shrub |
| Plant Appeal | Decorative |
| Maintenance Level | Moderate |
This broadleaf evergreen shrub is celebrated for its mesmerizing spring flowers that span a variety of colors. While it adds ornamental charm to gardens, nurturing this plant can vary from easygoing to demanding due to its particular soil and care needs.
Black-eyed Susan (Rudbeckia fulgida)
| Factors | Description |
| Ease of Growing | Low ●○○○○ |
| Plant Type | Perennial Flowering Plant |
| Plant Appeal | Decorative, Pollinator Attractor |
| Maintenance Level | Low |
This beauty is celebrated for its vibrant yellow blossoms sporting those striking dark centers. Not just a pretty face, though – these blooms have a knack for attracting pollinators, which means your garden gets a boost in both looks and biodiversity.
Lilac (Syringa vulgaris)
| Factors | Description |
| Ease of Growing | Low ●○○○○ |
| Plant Type | Deciduous Shrub |
| Plant Appeal | Decorative, Fragrant |
| Maintenance Level | Low |
The lilac is famous for its fragrant spring blossoms. These blooms, available in a range of colors including purple, lavender, and white, are not only beautiful but also emit a wonderful scent.
Planting Zone of Central Massachusetts
Central Massachusetts is primarily situated in Zone 6, which experiences cold winters and warm summers. This climate provides a home for flourishing plants like peonies, daylilies, and various ornamental grasses.
The Zone 6 climate opens up a wide array of gardening opportunities, offering vibrant blooms and lush foliage. If you’re a gardener in this region, you can even dabble in early spring and late fall crops, making the most of the extended growing season.
In some parts of central Massachusetts, you’ll find yourself in plant hardiness zones 5b or 6a. Notably, the heart of Central Massachusetts encompasses the city of Worcester, the state’s second most populous city.
Plants That Do Well in the Planting Zone of Central Massachusetts
We have plants ranging from sensational summer picks to fall favorites. In no particular order, here’s our list!
Balloon Flower (Platycodon grandiflorus)
| Factors | Description |
| Ease of Growing | Low ●○○○○ |
| Plant Type | Perennial |
| Plant Appeal | Decorative |
| Maintenance Level | Low |
Its distinct balloon-like buds unfurl into delightful star-shaped flowers throughout the summer. This plant asks for little upkeep, gracing gardens with its decorative allure.
Oakleaf Hydrangea (Hydrangea quercifolia)
| Factors | Description |
| Ease of Growing | Low ●○○○○ |
| Plant Type | Deciduous Shrub |
| Plant Appeal | Decorative |
| Maintenance Level | Low to Moderate |
This deciduous shrub is known for its cone-shaped flower clusters and distinct oak-like leaves. It brings a touch of decorative charm to gardens, especially during its extended flowering period, and is simple to grow with moderate upkeep needs.
Japanese Forest Grass (Hakonechloa macra)
| Factors | Description |
| Ease of Growing | Low ●○○○○ |
| Plant Type | Ornamental Grass |
| Plant Appeal | Decorative |
| Maintenance Level | Low |
The cascading leaves, available in various shades of green or with charming variegated patterns, evoke a sense of tranquility reminiscent of a forest floor. This ornamental grass requires minimal upkeep, making it ideal for low-light gardens.
False Sunflower (Heliopsis helianthoides)
| Factors | Description |
| Ease of Growing | Low ●○○○○ |
| Plant Type | Perennial |
| Plant Appeal | Decorative |
| Maintenance Level | Low |
The vibrant yellow flowers bear a striking resemblance to sunflowers, instantly adding cheerfulness. With its prolonged blooming season spanning from summer to fall, it puts on a lasting show that draws in pollinators and forms a lively centerpiece in gardens.
Japanese Painted Fern (Athyrium niponicum var. pictum)
| Factors | Description |
| Ease of Growing | Low ●○○○○ |
| Plant Type | Perennial Fern |
| Plant Appeal | Decorative |
| Maintenance Level | Low |
The fronds are truly a natural masterpiece, displaying tones of silver, green, and burgundy. This ornamental fern flourishes effortlessly and demands little upkeep, making it a preferred selection of woodland gardens and shaded borders.
Planting Zone of Worcester, MA
Worcester, nestled in central Massachusetts, shares the same planting conditions as Zones 5 and 6 in its vicinity. In simpler terms, if a plant thrives in Zone 6, it’s a safe bet for Worcester gardeners.
In Worcester, Massachusetts, you’ll find plant hardiness zones 5b and 6a, offering a growing season of about 5.5 months.
These zones play out across Worcester, Massachusetts, with the southern parts leaning into the cooler Zone 5b, where temperatures can plummet to a chilling -15 F.
On the flip side, the northern, eastern, and some western areas of the city fall into the warmer Zone 6a, where the minimum temperature is a less frigid -10 F.
Plants That Do Well in the Planting Zone of Worcester, MA
If you live in this area, you might want to consider looking into some of our favorites!
Japanese Anemone (Anemone × hybrida)
| Factors | Description |
| Ease of Growing | Low ●○○○○ |
| Plant Type | Perennial |
| Plant Appeal | Decorative |
| Maintenance Level | Low |
These graceful flowers, commonly found in shades of pink and white, are relatively straightforward to cultivate and demand little upkeep once they’ve taken root. This makes them a delightful choice for borders or shaded nooks.
Virginia Bluebell (Mertensia virginica)
| Factors | Description |
| Ease of Growing | Low ●○○○○ |
| Plant Type | Perennial (Herbaceous) |
| Plant Appeal | Decorative, Wildflower |
| Maintenance Level | Low |
This delightful springtime perennial showcases bunches of bell-shaped blue blooms, imparting a hint of untamed elegance to gardens. Flourishing splendidly in shaded areas, it emerges as the perfect selection for crafting lively woodland gardens.
Weigela (Weigela spp.)
| Factors | Description |
| Ease of Growing | Low ●○○○○ |
| Plant Type | Deciduous Shrub |
| Plant Appeal | Decorative, Hummingbird Attractor |
| Maintenance Level | Low |
This deciduous shrub adds vibrant hues to gardens through its trumpet-shaped blossoms that attract delightful hummingbirds. This shrub requires very little maintenance, ensuring a stunning show of blooms for hummingbirds in your garden.
Clematis (Clematis spp.)
| Factors | Description |
| Ease of Growing | Moderate to High ●●●●○ |
| Plant Type | Climbing Vine |
| Plant Appeal | Decorative |
| Maintenance Level | Moderate |
With a wide array of flower shapes and colors ranging from purple and pink to white and blue, this plant effortlessly adds beauty. What elevates their charm is their knack for scaling trellises, arbors, and fences, injecting vertical allure into outdoor spaces.
Bleeding Heart (Dicentra spectabilis)
| Factors | Description |
| Ease of Growing | Low ●○○○○ |
| Plant Type | Perennial |
| Plant Appeal | Decorative |
| Maintenance Level | Low |
The heart-shaped flowers make it a top pick for gardeners, especially beginners, apart from its easy cultivation. This plant’s beauty is a perfect selection for infusing woodland gardens or shaded borders with vivid hues.
Planting Zone of Boston, MA
Boston falls within the plant hardiness zones 6b and 7a. Notably, it’s Zone 6b for the western areas adjacent to Newton, Needham, Dedham, and Milton.
Then, it’s Zone 7a for the eastern parts that are nearest to the Atlantic Ocean, including Chelsea, Revere, and Winthrop. These designations are a measure of the area’s climate suitability for various plants.
The Boston region enjoys a relatively mild coastal climate that extends its growing season to about 206 days, approximately 7 months. This is notably longer by 39 days compared to the growing season in Worcester.
The coastal influence in Boston brings benefits like milder temperatures and a more extended window for cultivating a diverse array of plants. Within these zones, the coastal environment allows gardeners a broader spectrum of plant possibilities
Plants That Do Well in the Planting Zone of Boston, MA
As Boston has a wider plant choice, you are quite lucky if you live there! Try checking out some of our favorites.
Eastern Redbud (Cercis canadensis)
| Factors | Description |
| Ease of Growing | Low ●○○○○ |
| Plant Type | Deciduous Tree |
| Plant Appeal | Decorative |
| Maintenance Level | Low |
This delightful deciduous tree is renowned for its early spring show of soft pink or purple flowers that appear even before its leaves. Bringing a pop of color to landscapes, this tree is cherished by gardeners for its decorative appeal and undemanding nature.
Peony (Paeonia spp.)
| Factors | Description |
| Ease of Growing | Moderate ●●●●○ |
| Plant Type | Perennial Flower |
| Plant Appeal | Decorative, Fragrant |
| Maintenance Level | Moderate |
These are cherished perennial blossoms that come in an array of colors, spanning from pristine white to rich crimson with very little fuss. This makes them a top pick for gardeners aiming to enrich their landscapes with charming, fragrant elements.
Hydrangea (Hydrangea spp.)
| Factors | Description |
| Ease of Growing | Low to Moderate ●●○○○ |
| Plant Type | Deciduous Shrub |
| Plant Appeal | Decorative, Cut Flowers |
| Maintenance Level | Moderate |
Imagine a burst of blue, pink, white, or something in between, all depending on what your soil is up to. The secret? The soil plays the ultimate matchmaker, as their colors can be influenced by soil acidity.
Japanese Maple (Acer palmatum)
| Factors | Description |
| Ease of Growing | Low to Moderate ●●○○○ |
| Plant Type | Ornamental Tree |
| Plant Appeal | Decorative |
| Maintenance Level | Low |
This tree is treasured for its intricate leaf designs and a mix of colors that go from rich reds to lively oranges and yellows. This makes it a captivating centerpiece that appeals to both experienced gardeners and enthusiasts alike.
Bee Balm (Monarda spp.)
| Factors | Description |
| Ease of Growing | Low to Moderate ●●○○○ |
| Plant Type | Perennial Flowering Plant |
| Plant Appeal | Decorative, Attracts Bees and Butterflies |
| Maintenance Level | Low |
Its vibrant and fragrant flowers are like a magnet for bees, butterflies, and even hummingbirds, creating a haven for pollinators. Plus, it’s a breeze to take care of, flourishing in different soil types.
Planting Zone of Plymouth, MA
Plymouth, located along the coast of Massachusetts, falls under Zone 6b, which is the warmest zone in the state. This milder climate allows for the cultivation of more tender plants that might struggle in colder zones.
The only parts of Massachusetts that are warmer than Plymouth are Cape Cod and a small area south of New Bedford, which are in plant hardiness zones 7a or 7b.
Gardeners in Plymouth can consider growing plants like camellias, magnolias, and even some citrus trees. The maritime influence moderates temperature fluctuations, creating an environment conducive to a diverse array of flora.
The growing season in Plymouth is about 157 days long or around 5 months, which is 10 days shorter than Worcester’s growing season.
Plants That Do Well in the Planting Zone of Plymouth, MA
In these warmer regions, you can grow more plants compared to other areas in Massachusetts. We trimmed our favorites down to five for you to check!
Crape Myrtle (Lagerstroemia indica)
| Factors | Description |
| Ease of Growing | Low ●○○○○ |
| Plant Type | Deciduous Shrub/Small Tree |
| Plant Appeal | Decorative |
| Maintenance Level | Moderate |
From pretty pinks to ravishing reds, calming purples to pure whites – their flower clusters cover the whole palette, painting your garden with colors. This lively spectacle of hues and pretty leaves will earn a special spot in your heart, especially when the sun’s out.
Camellia (Camellia japonica)
| Factors | Description |
| Ease of Growing | Moderate to Difficult ●●●●○ |
| Plant Type | Evergreen Shrub |
| Plant Appeal | Decorative |
| Maintenance Level | Moderate |
Flourishing best in mild climates, these evergreen shrubs add a vibrant splash of color when the weather turns colder. Growing camellias can be somewhat of a challenge, requiring soil preparation, regular watering, and protection from intense light and winds.
Fig (Ficus carica)
| Factors | Description |
| Ease of Growing | Low to Moderate ●●○○○ |
| Plant Type | Deciduous Tree |
| Plant Appeal | Decorative, Edible Fruit |
| Maintenance Level | Low |
The Fig tree brings a twofold delight with its attractive leaves and tasty fruits. Growing best in warmer climates, its sleek, lobed leaves add an elegant touch to gardens.
Butterfly Bush (Buddleja spp.)
| Factors | Description |
| Ease of Growing | Low ●○○○○ |
| Plant Type | Deciduous Shrub |
| Plant Appeal | Decorative, Butterfly Attractor |
| Maintenance Level | Moderate |
Emitting delightful fragrances and showcasing an array of hues, from purples and pinks to whites, it attracts pollinators. Appreciated for its simplicity of cultivation, it flourishes in diverse soil types, winning the hearts of gardeners regardless of their expertise.
Palmetto Palm (Sabal palmetto)
| Factors | Description |
| Ease of Growing | Low ●○○○○ |
| Plant Type | Palm Tree |
| Plant Appeal | Decorative |
| Maintenance Level | Low |
Characterized by its iconic fan-shaped leaves and unique appearance, this palm tree is not only visually appealing but also remarkably adaptable. Its low-maintenance nature has contributed to its popularity, perfect for gardens, patios, and coastal settings.
What are the first and last frost dates in Massachusetts?
Frost dates tend to differ each year and can be impacted by the local climate, causing them to shift.
To help you get a general idea, here’s a table for a quick look.
| Zone | Region | Last Frost | First Fall Frost |
| 5 | Western part | Late April to Early May | Mid-September to Early October |
| 6 | Central and Eastern parts | Mid-April to Early May | Mid-to-Late September |
| 7 | Southeastern Coastal Areas | As Early as Mid-April | As Late as Mid-October |
For the most precise and current details regarding the initial and final frost dates in particular cities within Massachusetts, it’s a good idea to refer to local gardening sources, agricultural extension offices, or weather websites.
Being aware of these frost dates empowers you to manage your garden effectively and shield your plants from potential harm, from starting seeds indoors right up to planting and transplanting them outside.
For instance, crops like tomatoes need indoor seed starting and should be transplanted after the last spring frost date. On the other hand, certain crops like peas can thrive in cooler weather and can be directly sown outdoors.
The Importance of Knowing Frost Dates
Frost dates are important for gardeners, especially in states like Massachusetts with diverse climates. These dates mark the frost-prone period’s start and end in a region.
The last spring frost date signals safe planting for delicate crops, while the first fall frost date indicates the growing season’s end.
First and Last Frost Dates, found on resources like the USDA Plant Hardiness Zone map, use historical data as a general guide. While reliable, they’re predictions based on averages.
Factors like temperature patterns, microclimates, and topography affect frost dates, leading to yearly and local variations. Changing climate patterns also alter traditional frost dates.
These dates are a starting point for planning, but observing local weather as seasons shift is key. Monitoring forecasts and climate patterns inform planting, protection, and harvest decisions.
Frost dates are important as they shape your growing season’s length. Early spring or late fall planting risks frost damage. Knowing your zone’s frost dates guides planting, protection, and harvest choices.
Various tools like online resources and local clubs offer accurate frost date info. They aid planning, though nature remains unpredictable. Stay aware of frost dates and local weather for gardening success and abundant harvests.
